# \[Guide\] Prepare Raspberry Pi for boot from USB/NVMe

**URL:** <https://community.volumio.com/t/guide-prepare-raspberry-pi-for-boot-from-usb-nvme/65700>\
**Category:** Guides\
**Created:** [February 22, 2024, 1:41pm UTC](https://community.volumio.com/t/guide-prepare-raspberry-pi-for-boot-from-usb-nvme/65700 "2024-02-22T13:41:41Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 1\
**Showing post:** 46

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**Author:** ![nerd](https://community.volumio.com/user_avatar/community.volumio.com/nerd/32/23615_2.png) [@nerd](https://community.volumio.com/u/nerd)\
**Post date:** [February 19, 2025, 9:46pm UTC](https://community.volumio.com/t/guide-prepare-raspberry-pi-for-boot-from-usb-nvme/65700/46 "2025-02-19T21:46:21Z")

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The Raspberry Pi 4B has known issues with certain USB storage controllers, particularly when it comes to rebooting. These issues can cause devices to fail detection after a reboot or lead to boot failures when using USB storage as the boot device. Here are the main culprits:

### **1. JMicron JMS578 & JMS583 Controllers**

- **Symptoms:** USB drive fails to be detected after a warm reboot (`sudo reboot`), but works after a cold boot (power cycle).
- **Cause:** These controllers have issues handling UAS (USB Attached SCSI) mode on Raspberry Pi 4.
- **Workarounds:**
  - **Disable UAS** by adding `usb-storage.quirks=152d:0578:u` (for JMS578) or `152d:0583:u` (for JMS583) to `/boot/cmdline.txt`.
  - **Use a different firmware:** Some JMS583 adapters allow firmware updates that can improve compatibility.
  - **Switch to a different USB-to-SATA adapter.**

### **2. ASMedia ASM1153 & ASM235CM Controllers**

- **Symptoms:** Similar to JMicron, may disappear after a reboot, requiring a power cycle.
- **Cause:** UAS issues and power reset problems.
- **Workarounds:**
  - **Disable UAS** with `usb-storage.quirks=174c:1153:u` (for ASM1153) or `174c:235c:u` (for ASM235CM).
  - **Try different firmware** updates if available.

### **3. Realtek RTL9210 & RTL9210B**

- **Symptoms:** Failure to reconnect after a soft reboot, and sometimes boot failure when used as a boot drive.
- **Cause:** Firmware bugs in early versions.
- **Workaround:**
  - **Update firmware** to the latest version (use Realtek’s update tools).
  - **Disable UAS** with `usb-storage.quirks=0bda:9210:u` if issues persist.

### **4. VIA VL715 & VL716**

- **Symptoms:** May fail after reboot, especially when using NVMe enclosures.
- **Cause:** Power management issues with Raspberry Pi 4’s USB controller.
- **Workaround:** Use powered hubs or update firmware.

### **5. Generic USB-to-SATA Bridge Chips (Unknown Vendor)**

- **Symptoms:** Some cheap adapters don’t work reliably and may disappear on reboot.
- **Cause:** Poor firmware or bad power handling.
- **Workaround:** Use a powered USB hub or a better-known controller.

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### **General Recommendations**

1. **Use Known Good Adapters:**

2. **Disable UAS for Problematic Controllers:**

3. **Use a Powered USB Hub:**  
If power issues are suspected, a **USB hub with external power** can help stabilize certain drives.

4. **Update Raspberry Pi Firmware:**

Would you like help checking your specific USB controller? Let me know what `lsusb` shows!

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#### DISCLAIMER:

_ **OTA upgrade will overwrite /boot/cmdline.txt and your changes will be lost.** _

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Kind Regards,

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_[View the full topic](https://community.volumio.com/t/guide-prepare-raspberry-pi-for-boot-from-usb-nvme/65700)._